Dog with a swollen left elbow

Physical Examination

  • General appearance: Older dog with body condition score of 7 out of 10

  • Vital signs:
  • Temperature: 37.8°C (100.0°F)
  • Pulse: 60/min
  • Respirations: 28/min
  • Weight: 59.8 kg (132.0 lbs)

  • Skin: Unremarkable

  • HEENT: Sclera white, mucous membranes appear pink. No cervical lymphadenopathy.

  • Pulmonary: Regular rate and rhythm with no increased effort. No cough or nasal discharge. Lung sounds normal.

  • Cardiovascular: Capillary refill time is 1 to 2 seconds. Pulse strong and synchronous. Irregular rhythm with no murmur.

  • Gastrointestinal: Gut sounds present and unremarkable.

  • Genitourinary: Unremarkable

  • Musculoskeletal: Left elbow has substantial swelling around joint and decreased range of motion in flexion. There is minimal pain on deep palpation of the proximal radial head.

  • Neurologic: Unremarkable

  • Mental status: Bright, alert, and responsive