Some Causes of and Risk Factors for Stillbirth
Type | Examples |
|---|---|
Maternal | Trauma Diabetes mellitus if uncontrolled Morbid obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 40 kg/m2) Black race Age (adolescents or ≥ 35 years) |
Placental | Intraamniotic infection (chorioamnionitis) Fetomaternal hemorrhage Twin-twin transfusion Umbilical cord accidents (eg, prolapse, knots) Uteroplacental vascular insufficiency |
Fetal | Single-gene disorders Major congenital malformations (particularly of the heart or brain) Alloimmune thrombocytopenia Fetal alloimmune or inherited anemia Nonimmune hydrops fetalis Multiple gestation Infection |
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