Immunology; Allergic Disorders

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Biology of the Immune System

• Overview of the Immune System
  • Innate immunity
  • Acquired immunity
  • Immune Response
    • Activation
    • Regulation
    • Resolution
  • Geriatrics Essentials

• Cellular Components of the Immune System
  • Antigen-Presenting Cells
  • Lymphocytes
    • B cells
    • T cells
  • Mast Cells
  • Natural Killer (NK) Cells
  • Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
    • Neutrophils
    • Eosinophils
    • Basophils

• Molecular Components of the Immune System
  • Acute Phase Reactants
  • Antibodies
    • Antibody structure
    • Antibody classes
    • Antibodies reference
  • Cytokines
    • Chemokines
    • Colony-stimulating factors
    • Interferons (IFNs)
    • Interleukins (ILs)
    • Transforming growth factors (TGF)
    • Tumor necrosis factors (TNFs)
    • Cytokines references

• Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) System

• Complement System
  • Complement activation
  • Complement deficiencies and defects
  • Biologic activities of complement

• Immunotherapeutics
  • Monoclonal antibodies
  • Fusion proteins
  • Soluble cytokine receptors
  • Recombinant cytokines
  • Small-molecule mimetics
  • Cellular therapies

Allergic, Autoimmune, and Other Hypersensitivity Disorders

• Overview of Allergic and Atopic Disorders
  • Classification of Hypersensitivity Reactions
    • Type I hypersensitivity reactions
    • Type II hypersensitivity reactions
    • Type III hypersensitivity reactions
    • Type IV hypersensitivity reactions
  • Etiology
    • Allergens
  • Pathophysiology
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Nonspecific tests
    • Specific tests
    • Diagnosis reference
  • Treatment
    • Emergency treatment
    • Environmental control
    • Antihistamines
    • Mast cell stabilizers
    • Anti-inflammatory medications
    • Other medications
    • Immunotherapy
    • Allergy treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding
    • Treatment references
  • Prevention
  • Key Points
  • More Information

• Allergic Rhinitis
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis reference
  • Treatment
  • Prevention
    • Avoidance of triggers
    • Desensitization
  • Key Points

• Anaphylaxis
  • General reference
  • Etiology
  • Pathophysiology
    • Anaphylactoid reactions
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Epinephrine
    • Other treatments
    • Treatment references
  • Prevention
  • Key Points

• Angioedema
  • Acute angioedema
  • Chronic angioedema
  • Hereditary and acquired angioedema
  • References
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Key Points

• Hereditary and Acquired C1 Inhibitor Deficiency
  • Hereditary angioedema
  • Acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency
  • Triggers
  • General reference
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis reference
  • Treatment
  • Treatment references
  • Prevention
    • Long-term prophylaxis
    • Short-term prophylaxis
    • Prevention reference
  • Key Points

• Autoimmune Disorders
  • Mechanisms
  • Genetic factors
  • Defense mechanisms
  • Reference

• Drug Hypersensitivity
  • Pathophysiology
    • Pathophysiology references
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Skin testing
    • Other testing
    • Diagnosis references
  • Treatment
    • Desensitization
    • Treatment references
  • Prognosis
    • Prognosis reference
  • Key Points

• Food Allergy
  • General reference
  • Etiology
    • Oral allergy syndrome (pollen food allergy syndrome)
    • Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy
    • Alpha-gal syndrome
    • Etiology references
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Immunotherapy for desensitization
    • Monoclonal antibodies
    • Treatment references
  • Prevention
    • Prevention references
  • Key Points
  • More Information

• Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome
  • Classification
    • Cutaneous mastocytosis
    • Systemic mastocytosis
    • Mast cell activation syndrome
    • Classification reference
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Systemic mastocytosis
    • Mast cell activation syndrome
    • Diagnosis references
  • Treatment
    • Cutaneous mastocytosis
    • Systemic mastocytosis
    • Mast cell activation syndrome
    • Treatment references
  • Key Points

Immunodeficiency Disorders

• Overview of Immunodeficiency Disorders
  • Primary Immunodeficiencies
    • Humoral immunity deficiencies
    • Cellular immunity deficiencies
    • Combined humoral and cellular immunity deficiencies
    • Phagocytic cell defects
    • Complement deficiencies
    • Primary immunodeficiency references
  • Secondary Immunodeficiencies
  • Geriatrics Essentials
  • Key Points

• Approach to the Patient With Suspected Immunodeficiency
  • Manifestations of immunodeficiency
  • Evaluation
    • History
    • Physical examination
    • Initial testing
    • Additional testing
    • Prenatal and neonatal diagnosis
    • Evaluation references
  • Treatment
    • Infection prevention
    • Management of acute infection
    • Replacement of missing immune components
    • Investigational therapy
    • Treatment references
  • Prognosis
  • Key Points

• Ataxia-Telangiectasia
  • General reference
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis references
  • Treatment
    • Treatment references
  • Key Points

• Chédiak-Higashi Syndrome
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment reference

• Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
  • Symptoms and Signs
    • Symptoms and signs reference
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment references
  • Key Points

• Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Key Points

• Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment reference

• DiGeorge Syndrome
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment reference

• Hyper-IgE Syndrome
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment reference

• Hyper-IgM Syndrome
  • X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome
  • Autosomal recessive hyper-IgM syndrome
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment reference

• Selective IgA Deficiency
  • General references
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis reference
  • Treatment
  • Prognosis
  • Key Points

• Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment reference

• Selective Antibody Deficiency With Normal Immunoglobulins (SADNI)
  • General reference
  • Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis reference
  • Treatment

• Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis reference
  • Treatment
    • Treatment references
  • Key Points

• Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy

• Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
  • General reference
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment references

• X-linked Agammaglobulinemia
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment references

• X-linked Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Treatment references

• ZAP-70 Deficiency
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Transplantation

• Overview of Transplantation
  • Graft rejection and graft-vs-host disease
  • Organ allocation
  • Pretransplantation Screening
    • Tissue compatibility
    • Infection
    • Recipient contraindications to transplantation
  • Posttransplantation Immunosuppression
    • Corticosteroids
    • Calcineurin inhibitors
    • Purine metabolism inhibitors
    • Rapamycins
    • Immunosuppressive immunoglobulins
    • Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
    • Other drugs
    • Irradiation
    • Future therapies
  • Posttransplantation Complications
    • Rejection
    • Infection
    • Renal disorders
    • Cancer
    • Other complications
  • More Information

• Heart Transplantation
  • Bridge and destination ventricular assist devices (VADs)
  • Procedure
  • Complications
    • Rejection
    • Cardiac allograft vasculopathy
  • Prognosis

• Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Procedure
    • Conditioning regimens
    • Posttransplantation
  • Complications
    • Early complications
    • Later complications
  • Prognosis

• Kidney Transplantation
  • Kidney donors
  • Procedure
  • Complications
    • Rejection
    • Chronic allograft nephropathy
    • Cancer
  • Prognosis

• Liver Transplantation
  • Liver donors
  • Organ distribution
  • Procedure
  • Complications
    • Rejection
    • Hepatitis recurrence after transplantation
    • Other complications
  • Prognosis

• Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation
  • Lung donors
  • Heart donors
  • Timing of transplantation referral
  • Procedure
    • Single lung transplantation
    • Double lung transplantation
    • Heart-lung transplantation
    • Immunosuppression
  • Complications
    • Rejection
    • Surgical complications
  • Prognosis

• Pancreas Transplantation
  • Pancreas donors
  • Procedure
  • Complications
    • Rejection
    • Other complications
  • Prognosis

• Pancreatic Islet Cell Transplantation
  • Procedure
  • Complications
  • Prognosis

• Small-Bowel Transplantation
  • Procedure
  • Complications
    • Rejection
    • Other complications
  • Prognosis

• Tissue Transplantation
  • Composite Transplantation (Hand, Extremity, Face)
  • Skin grafts
    • Skin autografts
    • Skin allografts
  • Cartilage Transplantation
  • Bone Transplantation
  • Adrenal Autografting
  • Thymus Implants
  • Uterine transplants