Causes of Glomerulonephritis
Type | Examples |
|---|---|
Primary | |
Idiopathic | Fibrillary and immunotactoid GN Idiopathic crescentic GN |
Secondary | |
Bacterial* | Group A beta-streptococcal infection Neisseria meningitidis infection Staphylococcal infections (especially bacterial endocarditis) Streptococcus pneumoniae infection Visceral abscesses (due to Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, or Clostridium species) |
Parasitic* | Malaria (due to Plasmodium falciparum or P. malariae) Schistosomiasis (due to Schistosoma mansoni) |
Viral* | |
Other infectious and postinfectious causes | Fungal infections (due to Candida albicans [candidiasis] or Coccidioides immitis [coccidiomycosis]) |
Systemic rheumatic diseases | Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
Drug-induced disorders | |
Hematologic dyscrasias | Mixed IgG-IgM cryoglobulinemia Serum sickness Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura–hemolytic-uremic syndrome |
Glomerular basement membrane diseases | |
Hereditary disorders | |
* Infectious and postinfectious causes. | |
GN = glomerulonephritis; IgA = immunoglobulin A; IgM = immunoglobulin M;SLE = systemic lupus erythematosus. | |