Moderately Poisonous Plants
Plant | Symptoms | Treatment |
|---|---|---|
Aconitine (eg, derived from monkshood) | Bradycardia, arrhythmias, paresthesia, weakness | Supportive care |
Aloe spp | Gastroenteritis, nephritis, skin irritation | Supportive care and skin irrigation with soap and water |
Aristolochia spp (birthworts, pipevines) | Supportive care | |
Azalea | Cholinergic symptoms | |
Caladium spp (elephant ear, angel's wings) | Oral mucosal damage due to calcium oxalate crystals in leaves | Supportive care and demulsification (eg, with milk or ice cream) |
Capsicum spp (peppers) | Mucous membrane irritation and swelling | Supportive care, irrigation |
Delayed gastroenteritis, multiple organ failure Bone marrow suppression | ||
Cyanogenic glycosides (eg, in Prunus spp [eg, peach, apricot, and wild cherry pits], Malus spp [eg, apple seeds], and other seeds) | Symptoms of cyanide poisoning | |
Deadly nightshade | Anticholinergic symptoms, hyperthermia, seizures, hallucinations | Supportive care |
Dieffenbachia (dumbcane) | Oral mucosal damage due to calcium oxalate crystals in leaves | Supportive care and demulsification (eg, with milk or ice cream) |
Fava beans | In patients with G6PD deficiency, gastroenteritis, fever, headache, hemolytic anemia | Supportive care For severe anemia and poisoning, consideration of exchange transfusion |
Green potato and potato sprout | Gastroenteritis, hallucinations, delirium | Supportive care |
Holly berries | Supportive care | |
Jimsonweed | Anticholinergic symptoms, hyperthermia, seizures, hallucinations | Supportive care |
Licorice (not the artificially flavored licorice candy) | Hypokalemia, hypertension, and retention of water and sodium (pseudohyperaldosteronism) | Supportive |
Lily of the valley | Hyperkalemia, gastroenteritis, confusion, arrhythmias | |
Mistletoe | Supportive care | |
Nettle | Local stinging and burning | Supportive care |
Nightshade, common or woody | Gastroenteritis, hallucinations, delirium | Supportive care |
Pennyroyal | Hepatotoxicity | N |
Philodendron spp | Oral mucosal damage due to calcium oxalate crystals in leaves | Supportive care and demulsification (eg, with milk or ice cream) |
Poinsettia | Minor mucous membrane irritation | Unnecessary |
Poison ivy | Dermatitis | See Dermatitis |
Pokeweed | Mucous membrane irritation, gastroenteritis | Supportive care |
Pothos | Oral mucosal damage due to calcium oxalate crystals in leaves | Supportive care and demulsification (eg, with milk or ice cream) |
Yew | Rarely, seizures, arrhythmias, coma | Supportive care |
* Available only in France. | ||
Fab = fractionated antibodies; sp/spp = species. | ||