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Characteristics of Hepatitis Viruses

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Characteristic	Hepatitis A Virus	Hepatitis B Virus	Hepatitis C Virus	Hepatitis D Virus	Hepatitis E Virus
Nucleic acid	RNA	DNA	RNA	*	RNA
Serologic diagnosis	IgM anti-HAV	HBsAg	Anti-HCV	Anti-HDV	Anti-HEV
Major transmission	Fecal-oral	Blood	Blood	Needle	Water
Incubation period (days)	15–45	40–180	20–120	30–180	14–60
Epidemics	Yes	No	No	No	Yes
Chronicity	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Liver cancer	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
* Incomplete RNA; requires presence of hepatitis B virus for replication.
Anti-HCV = antibody to hepatitis C virus; anti-HDV = antibody to hepatitis D virus; anti-HEV = antibody to hepatitis E virus; HBsAg = hepatitis B surface antigen; IgM anti-HAV = IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus.