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Hypovolemic Shock Caused by Body Fluid Loss (Nonhemorrhagic)

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Site of Fluid Loss	Mechanism of Loss
Skin	Thermal or chemical burn Sweating due to excessive heat exposure
Gastrointestinal tract	Vomiting, diarrhea
Kidneys	Adrenal insufficiency Diabetes mellitus, arginine vasopressin deficiency (formerly central diabetes insipidus), or arginine vasopressin resistance (formerly nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) Polyuric phase after acute tubular damage Potent diuretic use Salt-losing nephritis
Intravascular fluid lost to the extravascular space	Increased capillary permeability secondary to inflammation, severe systemic hypoxia or ischemia, or traumatic injury (eg, crush), sepsis, bowel ischemia, acute pancreatitis