Most Common Causes of Portal Hypertension
Mechanism or Location | Cause |
|---|---|
Prehepatic | |
Obstruction | Splenic or portal vein thrombosis |
Increased portal flow (rare) | Massive splenomegaly caused by a primary hematologic disorder |
Hepatic | |
Presinusoidal | Idiopathic portal hypertension Other periportal disorders (eg, primary biliary cholangitis, sarcoidosis, congenital hepatic fibrosis) |
Sinusoidal | Cirrhosis (all etiologies) |
Postsinusoidal | Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (hepatic veno-occlusive disease) |
Posthepatic | |
Obstruction | Hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome) Obstruction of the inferior vena cava |
Resistance to right heart filling | Constrictive pericarditis |
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