Recommended Daily Intakes for Vitamins
Age | Folate (mcg) | Niacin (mg NE*) | Riboflavin (mg) | Thiamin (mg) | Vitamin A (mcg) | Vitamin B6 (mg) | Vitamin B12 (mcg) | Vitamin C (mg) | Vitamin D (IU)† | Vitamin E (mg) | Vitamin K (mcg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infants | |||||||||||
0–6 months | 65 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 400 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 40 | 400 | 4 | 2.0 |
7–12 months | 80 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 500 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 50 | 400 | 5 | 2.5 |
Children | |||||||||||
1–3 years | 150 | 6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 300 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 15 | 600 | 6 | 30 |
4–8 years | 200 | 8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 400 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 25 | 600 | 7 | 55 |
Males | |||||||||||
9–13 years | 300 | 12 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 600 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 45 | 600 | 11 | 60 |
14–18 years | 400 | 16 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 900 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 75 | 600 | 15 | 75 |
19–70 years | 400 | 16 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 900 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 90 | 600 | 15 | 120 |
> 70 years | 400 | 16 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 900 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 90 | 800‡ | 15 | 120 |
Females | |||||||||||
9–13 years | 300 | 12 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 600 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 45 | 600 | 11 | 60 |
14–18 years | 400 | 14 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 700 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 65 | 600 | 15 | 75 |
19–70 years | 400 | 14 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 700 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 75 | 600 | 15 | 90 |
> 70 years | 400 | 14 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 700 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 75 | 800‡ | 15 | 90 |
Pregnant women | |||||||||||
19–50 years | 600 | 18 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 770 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 85 | 600 | 15 | 90 |
Breastfeeding women | |||||||||||
19–50 years | 500 | 17 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1300 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 120 | 600 | 19 | 90 |
Upper limit (UL)§ | |||||||||||
1000 | 35 | ND | ND | 3000 | 100 | ND | 2000 | 4000 | 1000 | ND | |
NOTE: Recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) are shown in regular type. RDAs are set to meet the needs of 97 to 98% of healthy people. Adequate intakes (AIs) are shown in bold type. When data to calculate the RDA for a nutrient are insufficient, AIs are based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by healthy people. | |||||||||||
* 1 niacin | |||||||||||
≥ 70 years. | |||||||||||
§ UL (tolerable upper intake level) is the largest amount of a nutrient that most adults can ingest daily without risk of adverse effects. The more the UL is exceeded, the greater the risk of adverse effects. | |||||||||||
IU = international units; ND = not determinable because of lack of data (sources of intake should be limited to foods); RAE = | |||||||||||
Data from Institute of Medicine (US) Subcommittee on Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs); Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes: DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000. | |||||||||||