Some Viruses That Cause Multisystem Disease
Principal Syndromes | Distribution and Prevalence | Specific Therapy | Specific Prevention* |
|---|---|---|---|
Coxsackieviruses | |||
Acute febrile respiratory disease (children) Paralysis Fever and exanthem | Varies with types Most people infected Increased during warm months in temperate climates and year round in the tropics and in children Person-to-person spread usually via the fecal-oral route | None | None |
Echoviruses† and high-numbered enteroviruses | |||
Fever and exanthem Paralysis | As for coxsackieviruses | None | None |
Cytomegalovirus | |||
Congenital defects (cytomegalic inclusion disease) Hepatitis (cytomegalovirus mononucleosis) In immunocompromised patients (including those with AIDS): Retinitis, gastrointestinal disorders, central nervous system disorders, pneumonia | Widespread Congenital Common among immunocompromised patients | ||
* Nonspecific precautions (eg, adequate sanitation, hand washing) are also recommended. | |||
† Echovirus types 10, 21, 22, and 28 have been reclassified; these numbers are no longer used. More recently described enteroviruses have been designated as types 68 to 72. | |||