Congenital Musculoskeletal Abnormalities

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• Introduction to Musculoskeletal Abnormalities

• Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
  • Etiology
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis references
  • Treatment

• Congenital Knee Dislocation

• Congenital Limb Abnormalities
  • Limb deficiencies
  • Polydactyly
  • Syndactyly
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Congenital Muscle Abnormalities

• Congenital Neck and Back Abnormalities
  • Congenital torticollis
  • Congenital vertebral defects

• Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

• Femoral Torsion (Twisting)
  • Internal femoral torsion
  • External femoral torsion

• Genu Varum (Bowlegs) and Genu Valgum (Knock-Knees)
  • Genu varum
  • Genu valgum

• Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot) and Other Foot Abnormalities
  • Talipes calcaneovalgus
  • Metatarsus adductus
  • Metatarsus varus
  • Pes planus (flat feet)

• Tibial Torsion