Mental Health Disorders

Expand allCollapse all

Overview of Mental Health Care

• Overview of Mental Illness
  • Causes
  • Diagnosis
    • Classification of mental illness
  • Social Support
  • Deinstitutionalization
  • More Information

• Personality and Behavior Changes
  • Confusion and delirium
  • Delusions
  • Disorganized speech
  • Disorganized behavior
  • Hallucinations
  • Mood extremes
  • Causes
    • Mental illnesses
    • Medications and illicit/recreational drugs
    • Disorders that mainly affect the brain
    • Bodywide disorders that also affect the brain
  • Evaluation
    • Warning signs
    • When to see a doctor
    • What the doctor does
    • Testing
  • Treatment
  • Key Points

• Treatment of Mental Illness
  • Medication Therapy
  • Psychotherapy
    • Behavioral therapy
    • Cognitive therapy
    • Interpersonal therapy
    • Psychoanalysis
    • Psychodynamic psychotherapy
    • Supportive psychotherapy
  • Electroconvulsive Therapy
    • Other brain stimulation therapies

Anxiety and Stressor-Related Disorders

• Overview of Anxiety Disorders
  • Causes
  • Anxiety caused by a medical condition or medication
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Specific Phobias
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Social Anxiety Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Medications
    • Psychotherapy
  • More Information

• Agoraphobia
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Generalized Anxiety Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Overview of Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
  • More Information

• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
  • Symptoms
    • Intrusion symptoms
    • Avoidance symptoms
    • Negative effects on thinking and mood
    • Changes in alertness and reactions
    • Other symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Self-care
    • Psychotherapy
    • Medications
  • More Information

• Acute Stress Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Self-care
    • Psychotherapy
    • Medications

• Adjustment Disorders
  • Symptoms and Signs
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Self-care
    • Psychotherapy
    • Medications

Dissociative Disorders

• Overview of Dissociative Disorders

• Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Prognosis

• Dissociative Amnesia
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Supportive environment
    • Memory-retrieval techniques
    • Psychotherapy
  • Prognosis

• Dissociative Fugue
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Dissociative Identity Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Amnesia
    • More than one identity
    • Other symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Prognosis

• Dissociative Subtype of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Prognosis
  • More Information

Eating Disorders

• Overview of Eating Disorders
  • More Information

• Anorexia Nervosa
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Prognosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Bulimia Nervosa
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Binge Eating Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Pica
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Rumination Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

Mood Disorders

• Overview of Mood Disorders
  • More Information

• Bipolar Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Depression
    • Mania
    • Hypomania
    • Mixed episodes
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Lithium
    • Antiseizure medications
    • Antipsychotics
    • Antidepressants
    • Other treatments
    • Psychotherapy
    • Education and support
  • More Information

• Cyclothymic Disorder
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Depression
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Major depressive disorder
    • Persistent depressive disorder
    • Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
    • Prolonged grief disorder
    • Suicide
    • Substance use
    • Other effects of depression
  • Diagnosis
    • Testing
  • Treatment
    • Support
    • Psychotherapy
    • Medications for depression
    • Electroconvulsive therapy
    • Phototherapy
    • Other therapies
  • More Information

• Medications for Treatment of Depression
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors, serotonin modulators, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
  • Heterocyclic (including tricyclic) antidepressants
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
  • Melatonergic antidepressant
  • Ketamine and esketamine
  • Other treatments

Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Body Dysmorphic Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Skin-Picking (Excoriation) Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Hair-Pulling Disorder (Trichotillomania)
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Body-Focused Repetitive Behavior Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Hoarding Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Olfactory Reference Disorder

Paraphilias and Paraphilic Disorders

• Overview of Paraphilias and Paraphilic Disorders

• Voyeuristic Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Exhibitionistic Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Frotteuristic Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Sexual Masochism Disorder
  • Asphyxiophilia (autoerotic asphyxiation)

• Sexual Sadism Disorder

• Pedophilic Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Medications

• Fetishistic Disorder
  • Treatment

• Transvestic Disorder
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Personality Disorders

• Overview of Personality Disorders
  • Causes
  • Types of Personality Disorders
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • General principles of treatment
  • More Information

• Paranoid Personality Disorder
  • Symptoms
    • Interpretation of experiences as hostile
    • Effect on relationships
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Schizoid Personality Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Detachment from others
    • Limited expression of emotions
    • Persistence of symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Schizotypal Personality Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Effect on relationships
    • Odd thinking and behavior
    • Perception of reality
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Antisocial Personality Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Disregard for others
    • Impulsive behavior (impulsivity)
    • Irresponsibility
    • Other symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Fear of abandonment
    • Anger
    • Changeability
    • Impulsive behavior and self-harm
    • Other symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Psychotherapy
    • Medications
  • Prognosis

• Histrionic Personality Disorder
  • Symptoms
    • Need for attention
    • Problems with emotions
    • Other symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Narcissistic Personality Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Grandiosity
    • Fantasies of specialness
    • Need for admiration
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Avoidant Personality Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Fear of rejection
    • Extreme sensitivity to criticism
    • Other symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Dependent Personality Disorder
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Need for care
    • Excessive submissiveness
    • Lack of confidence
    • Lack of independence
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
  • Symptoms
    • Focus on order and perfectionism
    • Effects on work
    • Effects on other aspects of life
    • Other symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Schizophrenia and Related Disorders

• Introduction to Schizophrenia and Related Disorders

• Antipsychotic Drugs
  • How Antipsychotic Drugs Work
  • Types of Antipsychotic Drugs
  • Side Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs

• Brief Psychotic Disorder

• Delusional Disorder
  • Types of delusional disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Prognosis
  • Treatment

• Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

• Schizoaffective Disorder
  • Treatment

• Schizophrenia
  • Causes
  • Symptoms
    • Positive symptoms
    • Negative symptoms
    • Disorganization
    • Cognitive impairment
    • Suicide
    • Violence
  • Diagnosis
  • Prognosis
  • Treatment
    • Antipsychotic drugs
    • Rehabilitation programs and community support activities
    • Psychotherapy
  • More Information

• Schizophreniform Disorder

• Shared Psychosis

• Substance- and Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorders
  • Treatment

Gender Incongruence and Gender Dysphoria

• Gender Incongruence and Gender Dysphoria
  • Symptoms
    • Gender incongruence and gender dysphoria symptoms in children
    • Gender incongruence and gender dysphoria symptoms in adults
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
    • Gender-affirming hormone therapy
    • Gender-affirming surgery
  • More Information

Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

• Overview of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

• Somatic Symptom Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Illness Anxiety Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information

• Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions

• Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self
  • Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

• Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another

Substance-Related Disorders

• Overview of Substance-Related Disorders
  • Scheduled Drugs
  • More Information

• Substance Use Disorders
  • Physiologic Effects of Substance Use
  • Intoxication
  • Withdrawal
  • Substance-Induced Mental Health Disorders
  • Medical Care for Recreational and Illicit Substance Use
  • Causes
    • Drug
    • User
    • Setting
  • Diagnosis
    • Criteria for diagnosis
  • Treatment

Suicidal Behavior and Self-Injury

• Suicidal Behavior
  • Suicide rates worldwide
  • Suicide rates in the United States
  • Attempted suicide in the United States
  • Causes
    • Antidepressants and the risk of suicide
    • Causes of suicide in adolescents
    • Suicide contagion
  • Methods
  • Management
  • Prevention
  • Impact
  • Physician Aid in Dying (formerly, Assisted Suicide)
  • More Information

• Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (NSSI)
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • More Information