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Medications Used to Treat Anxiety Disorders

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Drug	Uses	Some Side Effects	Comments
Benzodiazepines
Alprazolam Chlordiazepoxide Clonazepam Clorazepate Diazepam Lorazepam Oxazepam	Generalized anxiety disorder Panic disorder Phobic disorders	Sleepiness, memory problems, impaired coordination, and slowed reaction time May lead to medication dependence	Most commonly used type of antianxiety medication Promote mental and physical relaxation by reducing nerve activity in the brain Begin to work quickly, sometimes within an hour Should not be used with other medications that cause drowsiness
Buspirone	Generalized anxiety disorder	Dizziness and headache	Does not cause drowsiness or interact with alcohol Does not lead to medication dependence May take several weeks to start working
Antidepressants*
SSRIs (such as escitalopram) SNRIs (such as venlafaxine) MAOIs TCAs (such as clomipramine)	Generalized anxiety disorder Panic disorder Phobic disorders Posttraumatic stress disorder	See table Medications Used to Treat Depression	See table Medications Used to Treat Depression
Other antianxiety medications
Buspirone	Generalized anxiety disorder	Dizziness and headache	Does not cause drowsiness or interact with alcohol Does not lead to drug dependence May take several weeks to start working
* Not all of the antidepressants listed work for all of the uses that are listed. MAOI = monoamine oxidase inhibitor; SNRI = selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitor; SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA = tricyclic antidepressant.