Berlin Definition of ARDS
ARDS Category | Oxygenation |
|---|---|
Level of severity | |
Mild | 200 mm Hg < PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg* with PEEP or CPAP ≥ 5 cm H2O |
Moderate | 100 mm Hg < PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg with PEEP ≥ 5 cm H2O |
Severe | PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 100 mm Hg with PEEP ≥ 5 cm H2O |
Clinical criteria | |
Timing | Onset within 1 week of known insult or of new or worsening respiratory symptoms |
Imaging (x-ray or CT of chest) | Bilateral opacities not fully explained by effusions, lobar or lung collapse, or nodules |
Origin of edema | Respiratory failure not fully explained by heart failure or fluid overload |
* PaO2 in mm Hg; FIO2 in decimal fraction (eg, 0.5). | |
ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome; CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure; FIO2 = fraction of inspired oxygen; PaO2 = partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PEEP = positive end-expiratory pressure. | |
Adapted from ARDS Definition Task Force, Ranieri VM, Rubenfeld GD, et al: Acute respiratory distress syndrome: The Berlin definition. Journal of the American Medical Association 307:2526–2533, 2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.5669 | |