Causes of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Cause | Examples |
|---|---|
Chronic tachycardia | Frequent ventricular ectopy Uncontrolled atrial fibrillation or other persistent tachyarrhythmias |
Eosinophilic myocarditis | |
Genetic abnormality | Familial disease in 20–30% of patients: autosomal dominant, X-linked, autosomal recessive, or mitochondrial inheritance |
Granulomatous disorders | Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Granulomatous or giant cell myocarditis |
Hereditary neuromuscular and neurologic disorders | |
Infections (acute or chronic) | Bacterial Fungal Helminthic Protozoan Rickettsial Spirochetal Viral (including HIV infection) |
Medications, illicit drugs, and toxins | Anthracyclines Catecholamines Cobalt Cocaine Heavy metals Organic solvents Psychotherapeutic medications (tricyclic and quadricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazine) Radiation |
Metabolic disorders | Familial storage disorders (eg, Gaucher disease) Nutritional disorders (eg, thiamin deficiency, , carnitine deficiency, kwashiorkor) Severe obesity Uremia |
Pregnancy (peripartum period) | — |
Systemic rheumatic diseases | |
Tumors | Certain endocrinologically active tumors (eg, pheochromocytoma, adrenal tumors, thyroid tumors) |