Causes of Secondary Raynaud Syndrome

Cause

Examples

Connective tissue disorders

Mixed or undifferentiated connective tissue disease

Polymyositis/dermatomyositis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Sjögren syndrome

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic sclerosis

Endocrine disorders

Hypothyroidism

Hematologic disorders

Cold agglutinin disease

Polycythemia vera

Neoplastic disorders

Carcinoid

Paraneoplastic syndrome

Neurologic disorders

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Trauma

Frostbite

Vibration

Vascular disorders

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Drugs

Beta-blockers

Cocaine

Ergot preparations

Nicotine

Sympathomimetic drugs

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