Common Drug Causes of Gynecomastia*
Category | Drugs |
|---|---|
Antiandrogen drugs (inhibit androgen synthesis or activity) | Cyproterone (an antiandrogen used to treat prostate cancer or transgender females) |
Antimicrobials | |
Antineoplastic drugs | Alkylating drugs GnRH agonists and antagonists Vinca alkaloids |
Antiulcer drugs† | |
Cardiovascular drugs | Reserpine |
CNS-acting drugs | Phenothiazines Tricyclic antidepressants |
Hormones | Androgens Anabolic steroids Estrogens Human growth hormone |
OTC herbal drugs | Lavender oil Tea tree oils |
Amphetamines Heroin Marijuana | |
Other drugs | Domperidone |
* Not all drugs that have been associated with gynecomastia have been shown to cause gynecomastia through challenge-rechallenge testing. | |
† Drugs are listed in order of frequency of association. | |
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; CNS = central nervous system; GnRH = gonadotropin-releasing hormone; LH = luteinizing hormone; OTC = over-the-counter. | |