Some Causes of Esophageal Dysphagia

Mechanism

Examples

Motility disorder

Achalasia

Chagas disease

Distal esophageal spasm

Systemic sclerosis

Eosinophilic esophagitis

Mechanical obstruction

Peptic stricture

Esophageal cancer

Esophageal rings

Esophageal webs

Radiation stricture

Extrinsic compression (eg, caused by an enlarged left atrium, an aortic aneurysm, an aberrant subclavian artery [termed dysphagia lusoria], a substernal thyroid, a cervical bony exostosis, or a thoracic tumor)

Caustic ingestion

In these topics