Staging Hepatocellular Carcinoma*
Stage | Designation | Description |
|---|---|---|
IA | T1a, N0, M0 | Single tumor ≤ 2 cm with no invasion of blood vessels |
IB | T1b, N0, M0 | Single tumor > 2 cm with no invasion of blood vessels |
II | T2, N0, M0 | Single tumor > 2 cm with invasion of blood vessels or Multiple tumors, none > 5 cm |
IIIA | T3, N0, M0 | Multiple tumors, at least one of which is > 5 cm |
IIIB | T4, N0, M0 | Single or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein, or tumor(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of the visceral peritoneum |
IVA | Any T, N1, M0 | Tumor or tumors of any size with spread to nearby (regional) lymph nodes |
IVB | Any T, Any N, M1 | Tumor or tumors of any size with distant metastasis |
* Adapted from the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC): AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, ed. 8. New York, Springer, 2018. | ||