honeypot link
skip to main content
Consumer edition active
open-lang-selector
ENGLISH
MSDMERCK MANUALConsumer Version
HEALTH TOPICSHEALTHY LIVINGSYMPTOMSEMERGENCIESDRUG INFORESOURCESCOMMENTARYABOUT US
HEALTH TOPICSHEALTHY LIVINGSYMPTOMSEMERGENCIESDRUG INFORESOURCESCOMMENTARY
Search icon
  1. Home/
  2. Eye Disorders/
  3. Refractive Disorders/
  • Resource Icon
  • Home
  • About
White Sparkles
Orange stars
Welcome to The Manuals AI-enhanced search! BETA

Enter a question or keywords in the search bar above.
Refractive Disorders
  • Overview of Refractive Disorders
    • Causes
    • Symptoms
    • Diagnosis
    • Treatment
  • Corrective Lenses
    • Eyeglasses
    • Contact Lenses
      • Rigid contact lenses
      • Scleral contact lenses
      • Soft contact lenses
      • Care and complications of contact lenses
  • Surgery for Refractive Errors
    • Types of refractive surgery
    • Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK)
    • Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK)
    • Other Refractive Surgery
      • Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)
      • Phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs)
      • Corneal inlays
      • Clear lensectomy
      • Intracorneal ring segments (INTACS)
      • Radial keratotomy and astigmatic keratotomy
MSD

Brought to you by Merck & Co, Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (known as MSD outside the US and Canada) — dedicated to using leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. Learn more about the Merck Manuals and our commitment to Global Medical Knowledge.






  • About
  • Disclaimer
  • Permissions
  • Privacy
  • Cookie Preferences
  • Terms of use
  • Partnerships
  • Contact Us
  • Veterinary Manual
  • Global Medical Knowledge
  • Mobile App
MSD

Copyright© 2025Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved.