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Biotin acts as a coenzyme for carboxylation reactions essential to fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Adequate intake for adults is 30 mcg/day.
Pantothenic acid is widely distributed in foods; it is an essential component of coenzyme A. Adults probably require about 5 mg/day. A beneficial role forpantothenic acid supplementation in lipid metabolism, rheumatoid arthritis, or athletic performance remains unproved.
Isolated deficiency of biotin or pantothenic acid virtually never occurs.
(See also Overview of Vitamins.)
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