Quick Facts: Children's Health Issues

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Bone Disorders in Children

• Osgood-Schlatter Disease
  • What is Osgood-Schlatter disease?
  • What are the symptoms of Osgood-Schlatter disease?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has Osgood-Schlatter disease?
  • How do doctors treat Osgood-Schlatter disease?

• Scoliosis
  • What is scoliosis?
  • What causes scoliosis?
  • What are the symptoms of scoliosis?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has scoliosis?
  • How do doctors treat scoliosis?

Cystic Fibrosis

• Cystic Fibrosis
  • What is cystic fibrosis?
  • What causes cystic fibrosis?
  • What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has cystic fibrosis?
  • How do doctors treat cystic fibrosis?

Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders in Children

• Acute Middle Ear Infection in Children
  • What is a middle ear infection?
  • What causes ear infections?
  • What are the symptoms of an ear infection?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has an ear infection?
  • How is an ear infection treated?
    • Medicine for your child’s symptoms
    • Antibiotics
    • Eardrum puncture
  • How can I prevent ear infections in my child?

• Chronic Middle Ear Infection in Children
  • What is a chronic middle ear infection?
  • What causes chronic ear infections?
  • What are the symptoms of a chronic ear infection?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has a chronic ear infection?
  • How is a chronic ear infection treated?

• Fluid in the Ear (Secretory Otitis Media) in Children
  • What is secretory otitis media?
  • What causes secretory otitis media?
  • What are the symptoms of secretory otitis media?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has secretory otitis media?
  • How do doctors treat secretory otitis media?

• Enlarged Tonsils and Adenoids
  • What are tonsils and adenoids?
  • What causes tonsils and adenoids to enlarge?
  • What are the symptoms of having enlarged tonsils and adenoids?
  • How can doctors tell if my child’s tonsils or adenoids are too big?
  • How do doctors treat enlarged tonsils and adenoids?

• Hearing Problems in Children
  • What causes hearing loss in children?
  • What are the symptoms of hearing loss in children?
    • Symptoms of very bad hearing loss
    • Symptoms of mild to moderate hearing loss
  • How can doctors tell if my child has hearing loss?
  • How do doctors treat hearing loss in children?

• Juvenile Angiofibromas
  • What are juvenile angiofibromas?
  • What are the symptoms of juvenile angiofibromas?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has a juvenile angiofibroma?
  • How do doctors treat juvenile angiofibromas?

• Neck Lumps in Children
  • What causes a neck lump?
  • How can doctors tell what’s causing the neck lump?
  • How do doctors treat neck lumps?

• Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
  • What is recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP)?
  • What causes RRP?
  • What are the symptoms of RRP?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has RRP?
  • How do doctors treat RRP?

Learning and Developmental Disorders

• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
  • What is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
  • What causes ADHD?
  • What are the symptoms of ADHD?
    • ADHD in children
    • ADHD in adults
  • How can doctors tell if my child has ADHD?
  • How do doctors treat ADHD?

• Autism
  • What is autism?
  • What are the symptoms of autism?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has autism?
  • How is autism treated?

• Dyslexia
  • What is dyslexia?
  • What causes dyslexia?
  • What are the symptoms of dyslexia?
  • How can I tell if my child has dyslexia?
  • How is dyslexia treated?

• Intellectual Disability
  • What is intellectual disability?
  • What causes intellectual disability?
  • What are the symptoms of intellectual disability?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has intellectual disability?
  • How do doctors treat intellectual disability?

• Learning Disorders
  • What are learning disorders?
  • What are the symptoms of learning disorders?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has a learning disorder?
  • How are learning disorders treated?

Neurologic Disorders in Children

• Cerebral Palsy
  • What is cerebral palsy (CP)?
  • What causes CP?
  • What are the symptoms of CP?
  • How does the doctor know if my child has CP?
  • How do doctors treat CP?

• Febrile Seizures
  • What are febrile seizures?
  • What causes febrile seizures?
  • What are the symptoms of febrile seizures?
  • What tests will the doctor do?
  • How do doctors treat febrile seizures?
  • Will my child have more seizures?

• Infantile Spasms
  • What are infantile spasms?
  • What do infantile spasms look like?
  • What causes infantile spasms?
  • How do doctors know if my baby is having infantile spasms?
  • What is the treatment for infantile spasms?

• Seizures in Children
  • What are seizures?
  • What happens to a child during a seizure?
  • What is epilepsy?
  • What causes seizures in children?
  • What does a seizure look like?
  • Can seizures damage the brain?
  • What should I do if my child is having a seizure?
  • What does the doctor do after a child has a seizure?
    • This is my child's first seizure
    • My child has had seizures before
  • How do doctors treat seizures?
    • To stop a seizure
    • To prevent a seizure

• Tourette Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders in Children and Adolescents
  • What are tics?
  • Who gets tics?
  • What causes tics?
  • What are the symptoms of tics?
  • How do doctors diagnose a tic disorder?
  • How do doctors treat tic disorders?

Vaccination of Children

• Childhood Vaccinations
  • What are vaccinations (vaccines)?
  • Do vaccines work?
  • If infections are rare, why should my child get vaccines?
  • What diseases can be prevented by vaccines?
  • Are vaccines safe?
  • Will vaccines give my child autism?

Social Issues Affecting Children and Their Families

• Bullying
  • What is bullying?
  • How can I tell if someone is being bullied?
  • What should I do if I am bullied?
  • What should I do if I see someone else being bullied?
  • Where can I find more information?

• Death and Dying in Children
  • How does the death of a child affect a family?
  • How should I explain the death of a family member or loved one to children?
  • Should children visit sick or dying people in the hospital?
  • Should children attend the funeral of a loved one?
  • Where can I find more information?

Respiratory Disorders in Infants and Children

• Asthma in Children
  • What is asthma?
  • What causes asthma in children?
  • What are the symptoms of asthma in children?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has asthma?
  • How do doctors treat asthma in children?
  • How can I help my child prevent asthma attacks?
  • How does a child take asthma medicine?
    • Inhalers
    • Nebulizers

• Bronchiolitis
  • What is bronchiolitis?
  • What causes bronchiolitis?
  • What are the symptoms of bronchiolitis?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has bronchiolitis?
  • How do doctors treat bronchiolitis?

• Croup
  • What is croup?
  • When should my child see a doctor for croup?
  • What causes croup?
  • What are the symptoms of croup?
  • How do doctors tell if my child has croup?
  • How do doctors treat croup?

• Wheezing in Infants and Young Children
  • What is wheezing?
  • When should my child see a doctor?
  • What causes wheezing in children?
  • What will happen at my child’s doctor visit?
  • What tests will my child need?
  • How do doctors treat wheezing in children?
    • Inhalers

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Children

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Children
  • What is HIV?
    • What is AIDS?
  • How do children get HIV?
  • What are the symptoms of HIV in children?
  • How can doctors tell if a child has HIV?
  • How do doctors treat HIV in children?
  • How can I prevent my child from getting HIV?

Hormonal Disorders in Children

• Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Children and Adolescents
  • What is diabetes?
    • Types of diabetes
  • What causes diabetes?
  • What are the symptoms of diabetes?
  • What are the complications of diabetes?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has diabetes?
  • How do doctors treat diabetes?
    • Treating type 1 diabetes
    • Treating type 2 diabetes
  • Are children and teens with diabetes at risk for emotional problems?
  • How can I prevent diabetes?

• Delayed Puberty
  • What is puberty?
  • What is delayed puberty?
  • What causes delayed puberty?
  • What are the symptoms of delayed puberty?
  • When should my child see a doctor for delayed puberty?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has delayed puberty?
  • How do doctors treat delayed puberty?

• Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children
  • What is growth hormone deficiency?
  • What causes growth hormone deficiency?
  • What are the symptoms of growth hormone deficiency?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has growth hormone deficiency?
  • How do doctors treat growth hormone deficiency?

Bacterial Infections in Infants and Children

• Meningitis in Children
  • What is meningitis?
  • What causes meningitis?
  • Who is most likely to get meningitis?
  • What are the symptoms of meningitis?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has meningitis?
  • How do doctors treat meningitis?
  • How can I prevent meningitis?

• Occult Bacteremia
  • What is occult bacteremia?
  • What causes occult bacteremia?
  • What are the symptoms of occult bacteremia?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has occult bacteremia?
  • How do doctors treat occult bacteremia?

• Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Children
  • What is a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
  • What causes UTIs?
  • What are the symptoms of a UTI?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has a UTI?
  • How do doctors treat UTIs?
  • How can I prevent my child from getting a UTI?

Digestive Disorders in Children

• Appendicitis in Children
  • What is appendicitis?
  • What causes appendicitis?
  • What are the symptoms of appendicitis?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has appendicitis?
  • How do doctors treat appendicitis?

• Gastroenteritis in Children
  • What is gastroenteritis?
  • What causes gastroenteritis?
  • What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?
    • What are the complications of gastroenteritis?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has gastroenteritis?
  • How do doctors treat gastroenteritis?
  • How can I prevent gastroenteritis?

• Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children
  • What is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
  • What causes reflux in children?
  • What are the symptoms of reflux in children?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has reflux?
  • How do doctors treat GERD in children?

• Umbilical Hernia in Children
  • What is an umbilical hernia?
  • What are the symptoms of an umbilical hernia?
    • What are the complications of umbilical hernias?
  • How to doctors treat umbilical hernias in children?

• Inguinal Hernia in Children
  • What is an inguinal hernia?
  • What are the symptoms of an inguinal hernia?
    • What are the complications of inguinal hernias?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has an inguinal hernia?
  • How to doctors treat inguinal hernias in children?

• Intussusception
  • What is intussusception?
  • What causes intussusception?
  • What are the symptoms of intussusception?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has intussusception?
  • How do doctors treat intussusception?

• Meckel Diverticulum
  • What is a Meckel diverticulum?
  • What are the symptoms of a Meckel diverticulum?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has Meckel diverticulum?
  • How do doctors treat a Meckel diverticulum?

• Pyloric Stenosis
  • What is pyloric stenosis?
  • What are symptoms of pyloric stenosis?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has pyloric stenosis?
  • How do doctors treat pyloric stenosis?

Common Viral Infections in Infants and Children

• Overview of Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Children
  • What are viral respiratory tract infections?
  • What causes viral respiratory tract infections in children?
  • What are the symptoms of a viral respiratory tract infection?
  • When should my child see a doctor for a viral respiratory tract infection?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has a viral respiratory tract infection?
  • How do doctors treat viral respiratory tract infections in children?
  • How can I prevent a viral respiratory tract infection in my child?

• Measles
  • What is measles?
  • What causes measles?
  • What are the symptoms of measles?
  • What problems does measles cause?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has measles?
  • How do doctors treat measles?
  • How can I prevent measles?

• Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection
  • What is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection?
  • What causes RSV infection?
  • What are the symptoms of RSV infection?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has RSV?
  • How do doctors treat RSV ?
  • How do doctors prevent RSV?

• Rotavirus Infection
  • What is rotavirus infection?
  • What causes rotavirus infection?
  • What are the symptoms of rotavirus infection?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has rotavirus infection?
  • How do doctors treat rotavirus infection?
  • How can I prevent my child from getting rotavirus infection?

• Viral Central Nervous System Infections in Children
  • What are viral central nervous system (CNS) infections?
  • What causes viral CNS infections in children?
  • What are the symptoms of a viral CNS infection in children?
    • Are there any complications of a viral CNS infection?
  • How will doctors know if my child has a viral CNS infection?
  • How do doctors treat viral CNS infections in children?

Chromosomal and Genetic Abnormalities

• Genes and Chromosomes
  • What are genes?
    • What are genes made of?
  • What are chromosomes?
  • What is a genetic disorder?
  • What causes genetic disorders?

• Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
  • What is Down syndrome?
  • What causes Down syndrome?
  • What are the symptoms of Down syndrome?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has Down syndrome?
  • How do doctors treat Down syndrome?

Miscellaneous Disorders in Infants and Young Children

• Dehydration in Children
  • What is dehydration in children?
  • What are the symptoms of dehydration?
  • How do doctors treat dehydration in children?

• Failure to Thrive
  • What is failure to thrive?
  • What causes failure to thrive?
  • What are the symptoms of failure to thrive?
  • How can doctors tell if my child isn't thriving?
  • How do doctors treat failure to thrive?

• Feeding Problems
  • What are feeding problems?
  • What is spitting up?
    • How can I prevent spitting up?
  • What is throwing up?
  • What is overfeeding?
  • What is underfeeding?

• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
  • What is SIDS?
  • What causes SIDS?
  • How can I prevent SIDS?
  • Are there resources for parents who have lost an infant to SIDS?

• Teething
  • What is teething?
  • What are the symptoms of teething?
  • How can I treat symptoms of teething?

Problems in Adolescents

• Substance Use in Adolescents
  • What illicit substances are most commonly used by adolescents?
    • Alcohol
    • Tobacco
  • What should I do if my adolescent is using or abusing substances?

Gastrointestinal (GI) and Liver Problems in Newborns

• Jaundice in Newborns
  • What is jaundice?
  • What causes jaundice in newborns?
  • When should my baby see a doctor for jaundice?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has jaundice?
  • How do doctors treat jaundice in newborns?

• Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)
  • What is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)?
  • What causes NEC?
  • What are the symptoms of NEC?
    • What are the complications of NEC?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has NEC?
  • How do doctors treat NEC?
  • What can prevent my baby from getting NEC?

Behavioral Problems in Children

• Breath-Holding Spells
  • What are breath-holding spells?
  • What causes breath-holding spells?
    • Is my child breath-holding on purpose?
  • What are the symptoms of a breath-holding spell?
  • How do doctors diagnose breath-holding spells?
  • How do doctors treat breath-holding spells?

• Eating Problems in Young Children
  • What eating problems do young children have?
    • Why doesn't my child eat at meals?
    • Why does my child eat too much?
  • How do doctors know if my child has an eating problem?
  • How do I make sure my child eats the right foods?

• School Avoidance
  • What is school avoidance?
  • What causes school avoidance?
  • How can I treat my child’s school avoidance?

• Sleep Problems in Children
  • What are nightmares?
  • What are night terrors?
  • What is sleepwalking?
  • Why don't some children go to bed easily?
  • Why do infants and young children wake up during the night?

• Temper Tantrums
  • What is a temper tantrum?
  • How can I help my child during a temper tantrum?

• Violence in Children and Adolescents
  • What makes children more likely to be violent?
  • How can I prevent my child from becoming violent?

Mental Health Disorders in Children and Adolescents

• Overview of Mental Health Disorders in Children and Adolescents
  • What causes mental health disorders in children?
  • What are the symptoms of mental health disorders in children?
  • How do doctors tell if my child has a mental health disorder?
  • How do doctors treat mental health disorders in children?

• Overview of Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents
  • What are anxiety disorders?
  • What are the symptoms of anxiety disorders in children?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has an anxiety disorder?
  • How do doctors treat anxiety disorders in children?

• Conduct Disorder
  • What is conduct disorder?
  • What are the symptoms of conduct disorder?
  • How do doctors tell if my child has conduct disorder?
  • How do doctors treat conduct disorder?

• Depression in Children and Adolescents
  • What is depression?
  • What causes depression in children?
  • What are the symptoms of depression in children?
  • How do doctors treat depression in children?

• Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Children and Adolescents
  • What is nonsuicidal self-injury?
  • What causes children to hurt themselves?
  • How can I help children who are hurting themselves?
  • How do doctors treat children who hurt themselves?

• Oppositional Defiant Disorder
  • What is oppositional defiant disorder?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has oppositional defiant disorder?
  • How do doctors treat oppositional defiant disorder?

• Separation Anxiety Disorder
  • What is separation anxiety disorder?
  • What causes separation anxiety disorder?
  • What are the symptoms of separation anxiety disorder?
  • How do doctors treat separation anxiety disorder?

• Social Anxiety Disorder in Children and Adolescents
  • What is social anxiety disorder?
  • How do doctors treat social anxiety disorder in children?

• Suicidal Behavior in Children and Adolescents
  • What is suicidal behavior ?
  • What causes suicidal behavior in children?
  • What are symptoms of suicidal behavior?
  • How do doctors treat suicidal behavior in children?

Lung and Breathing Problems in Newborns

• Apnea of Prematurity
  • What is apnea of prematurity?
  • What causes apnea of prematurity?
  • What are the symptoms of apnea of prematurity?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has apnea of prematurity?
  • How do doctors treat apnea of prematurity?

• Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)
  • What is bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)?
  • What causes BPD?
  • What are the symptoms of BPD?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has BPD?
  • How do doctors treat BPD?

• Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
  • What is meconium aspiration syndrome?
  • What are the symptoms of meconium aspiration syndrome?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has meconium aspiration syndrome?
  • How do doctors treat meconium aspiration syndrome?

• Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Newborns
  • What is respiratory distress syndrome in newborns?
  • What causes respiratory distress syndrome?
  • What are the symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has respiratory distress syndrome?
  • How do doctors treat respiratory distress syndrome?

Birth Defects of the Brain and Spinal Cord

• Hydrocephalus
  • What is hydrocephalus?
  • What causes hydrocephalus?
  • What are the symptoms of hydrocephalus?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has hydrocephalus?
  • How do doctors treat hydrocephalus?

• Microcephaly
  • What is microcephaly?
  • What causes microcephaly?
  • What are the symptoms of microcephaly?
  • How can doctors tell if a baby has microcephaly?
  • How do doctors treat microcephaly?

• Spina Bifida
  • What is spina bifida?
  • What causes spina bifida?
  • What are the symptoms of spina bifida?
  • How can doctors tell if a baby has spina bifida?
  • How do doctors treat spina bifida?
  • Can spina bifida be prevented?

Connective Tissue Disorders in Children

• Chondromalacia Patellae
  • What is chondromalacia patellae?
  • What causes chondromalacia patellae?
  • What are the symptoms of chondromalacia patellae?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has chondromalacia patellae?
  • How do doctors treat chondromalacia patellae?

• Marfan Syndrome
  • What is Marfan syndrome?
  • What causes Marfan syndrome?
  • What are the symptoms of Marfan syndrome?
  • How can doctors tell if I have Marfan syndrome?
  • How do doctors treat Marfan syndrome?
  • Where can I get more information about Marfan syndrome?

Eye Disorders in Children

• Amblyopia
  • What is amblyopia?
  • What causes amblyopia?
  • What are the symptoms of amblyopia?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has amblyopia?
  • How do doctors treat amblyopia?

• Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
  • What is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)?
  • What causes ROP?
  • What are the symptoms of ROP?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has ROP?
  • How do doctors treat ROP?

• Strabismus
  • What is strabismus?
  • What causes strabismus?
  • What are the symptoms of strabismus?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has strabismus?
  • How do doctors treat strabismus?

General Problems in Newborns

• Preterm (Premature) Baby
  • What is a preterm baby?
  • What causes a baby to be born too early?
  • What are symptoms of a preterm baby?
  • What complications do preterm babies have?
  • How do doctors treat preterm babies?
  • How can I keep my baby from being born too early?

• Small-for-Gestational-Age Baby
  • What is a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) baby?
  • What causes a baby to be small for gestational age?
  • What are the symptoms of a baby being small for gestational age?
  • What complications do small-for-gestational-age babies have?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby is small for gestational age?
  • How do doctors treat babies who are small for gestational age?

Birth Defects of the Digestive Tract

• Abdominal Wall Defects
  • What is an abdominal wall defect?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has an abdominal wall defect?
  • How do doctors treat abdominal wall defects?

• Anorectal Malformations
  • What are anorectal malformations?
  • What are the symptoms of anorectal malformations?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has an anorectal malformation?
  • How do doctors treat anorectal malformations?

• Biliary Atresia
  • What is biliary atresia?
  • What are the symptoms of biliary atresia?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has biliary atresia?
  • How do doctors treat biliary atresia?

• Diaphragmatic Hernia
  • What is a diaphragmatic hernia?
  • What causes a diaphragmatic hernia?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has a diaphragmatic hernia?
  • How do doctors treat a diaphragmatic hernia?

• Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula
  • What are esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula?
  • What are the symptoms of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula?
  • How do doctors treat esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula?

• Hirschsprung Disease
  • What is Hirschsprung disease?
  • What are the symptoms of Hirschsprung disease?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has Hirschsprung disease?
  • How do doctors treat Hirschsprung disease?

• Intestinal Malrotation
  • What is intestinal malrotation?
  • What are the symptoms of intestinal malrotation?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has intestinal malrotation?
  • How do doctors treat intestinal malrotation?

Neurocutaneous Syndromes in Children

• Neurofibromatosis
  • What is neurofibromatosis?
  • What causes neurofibromatosis?
  • What are the symptoms of neurofibromatosis?
  • How do doctors know if my child has neurofibromatosis?
  • How do doctors treat neurofibromatosis?
  • How can I prevent neurofibromatosis?

• Sturge-Weber Syndrome
  • What is Sturge-Weber syndrome?
  • What causes Sturge-Weber syndrome?
  • What are the symptoms of Sturge-Weber syndrome?
  • How do doctors know if my child has Sturge-Weber syndrome?
  • How do doctors treat Sturge-Weber syndrome?

• Tuberous Sclerosis
  • What is tuberous sclerosis?
  • What causes tuberous sclerosis?
  • What are the symptoms of tuberous sclerosis?
  • How do doctors know my baby has tuberous sclerosis?
  • How do doctors treat tuberous sclerosis?
  • How can I prevent tuberous sclerosis in my baby?

• Von Hippel–Lindau Disease (VHL)
  • What is von Hippel-Lindau disease?
  • What causes von Hippel-Lindau disease?
  • What are the symptoms of von Hippel-Lindau disease?
  • What are the tests for von Hippel-Lindau disease?
  • How do doctors treat von Hippel-Lindau disease?
  • How can I prevent von Hippel-Lindau disease?

Birth Defects of the Heart

• Atrial and Ventricular Septal Defects
  • What are atrial and ventricular septal defects?
  • What causes ASDs and VSDs?
  • What are the symptoms of ASDs and VSDs?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has an ASD or VSD?
  • How do doctors treat ASDs and VSDs?

• Coarctation of the Aorta
  • What is coarctation of the aorta?
  • What causes coarctation of the aorta?
  • What are the symptoms of coarctation of the aorta?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has coarctation of the aorta?
  • How do doctors treat coarctation of the aorta?

• Patent Ductus Arteriosus
  • What is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)?
  • What causes PDA?
  • What are the symptoms of PDA?
  • How can doctors tell if my baby has PDA?
  • How do doctors treat PDA?

• Tetralogy of Fallot
  • What is tetralogy of Fallot?
  • What causes tetralogy of Fallot?
  • What are the symptoms of tetralogy of Fallot?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has tetralogy of Fallot?
  • How do doctors treat tetralogy of Fallot?

Childhood Cancers

• Overview of Brain Tumors in Children
  • What are brain tumors in children?
  • What causes brain tumors in children?
  • What are the symptoms of a brain tumor in children?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has a brain tumor?
  • How do doctors treat brain tumors in children?

• Neuroblastoma
  • What is neuroblastoma?
  • What causes neuroblastoma?
  • What are the symptoms of neuroblastoma?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has neuroblastoma?
  • How do doctors treat neuroblastoma?

• Retinoblastoma
  • What is retinoblastoma?
  • What causes retinoblastoma?
  • What are the symptoms of retinoblastoma?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has retinoblastoma?
  • How do doctors treat retinoblastoma?

• Rhabdomyosarcoma
  • What is rhabdomyosarcoma?
  • What causes rhabdomyosarcoma?
  • What are the symptoms of rhabdomyosarcoma?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has rhabdomyosarcoma?
  • How do doctors treat rhabdomyosarcoma?

• Wilms Tumor
  • What is Wilms tumor?
  • What causes Wilms tumor?
  • What are the symptoms of Wilms tumor?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has Wilms tumor?
  • How do doctors treat Wilms tumor?

Muscular Dystrophies and Related Disorders

• Muscular Dystrophy
  • What is muscular dystrophy?
  • What causes muscular dystrophies?
  • What are the symptoms of muscular dystrophies?
  • How can doctors tell if I have muscular dystrophies?
  • How do doctors treat muscular dystrophies?
  • Where can I get more information about muscular dystrophies?

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

• Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
  • What is juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?
  • What causes JIA?
  • What are the symptoms of JIA?
    • What are the complications of JIA?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has JIA?
  • How do doctors treat JIA?

Hereditary Metabolic Disorders

• Overview of Hereditary Metabolic Disorders
  • What is metabolism?
  • What is a hereditary metabolic disorder?
  • What causes hereditary metabolic disorders?
  • What are the symptoms of hereditary metabolic disorders?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has a hereditary metabolic disorder?
  • How do doctors treat hereditary metabolic disorders?

• Phenylketonuria (PKU)
  • What is phenylketonuria (PKU)?
  • What causes PKU?
  • What are the symptoms of PKU?
  • How can doctors tell if my child has PKU?
  • How do doctors treat PKU?